Background: Prognosis of prostate cancer using tumor tissues vs. tumor-adjacent stroma tissues Materials and Methods: Massachusetts General Hospital Tissue microarrays; Image analysis; The novel Weighted Dichotomizing algorithm. Results: We evaluated the prognostic potential for six markers in the tumor microenvironment. The correlations between these markers with the clinical outcomes were completely opposite between in tumor tissues and in tumor microenvironment. Conclusion and Discussion: clinical significance and application of this discovery.